UI Terms visual dictionary

Patterns

Empty state

The UI shown when a list, section, or screen has no items to display.

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An empty state replaces a blank area with helpful content: a short message explaining why it's empty, an illustration to soften the blank space, and a clear action that resolves the emptiness (create the first item, change a filter, invite a teammate). Distinct from a zero state, which is specifically the first-time-no-data screen before the user has done anything.

Also called

null stateno-content state

When to use

  • Lists that may be empty (inboxes, projects, search results)
  • Filtered views that returned no matches
  • Sections where data may not exist yet

When not to use

  • Areas where emptiness is the default for most users — design around the empty case as the primary state instead

Source

UX vernacular; widely documented across design systems (Material, Atlassian, Shopify Polaris).